An AI tutor posted a 1.3 SD gain at Dartmouth — then the thread found the 16 students it rests on (intextbooks.science.uu.nl)
A Dartmouth stats course ran a study platform where Claude grades constructed-response quizzes against instructor rubrics. Reported effect: 0.71–1.30 SD on the midterm for full engagement, 90.2% voluntary adoption versus a ~10% baseline for reading the textbook.
Then commenters did the arithmetic: "90% adoption" means "used it at least once," only ~16 students (11%) hit the engagement tier that produced the big number, and the "tutor" is really a practice-quiz autograder.